{"id":5976,"date":"2026-09-30T09:40:59","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T09:40:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/2026\/09\/30\/pac-man-enzyme-bacterium-de-suelo-rompe-bioplastico-y-penicilina-en-una-ocasion\/"},"modified":"2026-09-30T09:40:59","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T09:40:59","slug":"pac-man-enzyme-bacterium-de-suelo-rompe-bioplastico-y-penicilina-en-una-ocasion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/es\/2026\/09\/30\/pac-man-enzyme-bacterium-de-suelo-rompe-bioplastico-y-penicilina-en-una-ocasion\/","title":{"rendered":"Pac-Man Enzyme: Bacterium de suelo rompe biopl\u00e1stico y penicilina en una ocasi\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"netgu-1270153664\" class=\"netgu-before-content netgu-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6258556257245998\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6258556257245998\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"3494115342\" \ndata-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Un equipo de investigaci\u00f3n de la Universidad de Konstanz ha encontrado una enzima bacteriana en el suelo forestal que ataca dos clases obstinadas de compuestos a la vez: biopl\u00e1sticos poli\u00e9ster de cadena larga y antibi\u00f3ticos beta-lactam como la penicilina. Debido a su sitio activo muy abierto, los investigadores nombraron la mol\u00e9cula de la enzima &#8220;Pac-Man&#8221;. El estudio apareci\u00f3 el 2 de septiembre de 2026 en The ISME Journal.<\/strong><\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dos funciones en una mol\u00e9cula<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La mol\u00e9cula es una esterasa familiar-VIII, sostenida firmemente a la superficie celular bacteriana por un ancla de l\u00edpido. Se rompe poli\u00e9steres alif\u00e1ticos de cadena larga hacia abajo en sus bloques de construcci\u00f3n (monomistas) \u2013 mientras que tambi\u00e9n liber\u00f3 el anillo beta-lactam de penicilina. Los investigadores atribuyen este doble papel a su parentesco estructural con beta-lactamasa, las bacterias de las enzimas utilizan para neutralizar los antibi\u00f3ticos.<\/p><div id=\"netgu-2442753601\" class=\"netgu-content netgu-entity-placement\"><aside class=\"deals-top deals-top--compact\">\n\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"deals-top__title\">Top-Deals<\/h3>\n\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"deals-top__list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"deals-top__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"deals-top__link\" href=\"https:\/\/netguide.io\/deals\/de\/deals\/moon-knight-digital-watch-face-fuer-wear-os-4\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img class=\"deals-top__image\" src=\"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2026\/09\/deal-27-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"52\" height=\"52\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__name\">MOON KNIGHT Digital Watch Face f\u00fcr Wear OS 4+<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span 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\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__name\">Kostenloses DLC-Bundle f\u00fcr Gears of War E-Day \u2013 Liquid Death Bundle<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__price\">Gratis<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__temperature\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t54\u00b0\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"deals-top__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"deals-top__link\" href=\"https:\/\/netguide.io\/deals\/de\/deals\/kostenlose-emote-im-clash-royale-store\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img class=\"deals-top__image\" src=\"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2026\/09\/share-image-clashroyale-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"52\" height=\"52\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__name\">Kostenlose Emote im Clash Royale-Store<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__price\">Gratis<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__temperature\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t54\u00b0\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"deals-top__more\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/netguide.io\/deals\/\">Alle Deals ansehen \u2192<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/aside>\n<\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Despacio, pero completo<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Las pel\u00edculas biopl\u00e1sicas sepultadas en suelo forestal se degradan completamente en aproximadamente 250 a 330 d\u00edas, mientras que el pl\u00e1stico convencional de HDPE permaneci\u00f3 pr\u00e1cticamente intacto. La microscop\u00eda de electrones revel\u00f3 que las bacterias aparec\u00edan en la pel\u00edcula y dejaron agujeros de tama\u00f1o micron.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trabajos de laboratorio<\/h3><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los hallazgos provienen de experimentos controlados de laboratorio y suelo; c\u00f3mo la enzima se comporta en el ambiente abierto o a escala industrial sigue siendo desconocida. El resultado es intrigante en dos recuentos: como una herramienta potencial para los pl\u00e1sticos degradantes, y como una pista de c\u00f3mo surge la resistencia antibi\u00f3tica en el suelo.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Fuente: Universidad de Konstanz \/ EurekAlert, comunicado de prensa del 2 de septiembre de 2026; Lerner et al., The ISME Journal (2026), DOI 10.1093\/ismejo\/wrag203. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/news-releases\/1142464\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">Lea el comunicado de prensa<\/a>.<\/em><\/p><div id=\"netgu-1241773793\" class=\"netgu-after-content netgu-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6258556257245998\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6258556257245998\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"4559785002\" \ndata-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un equipo de investigaci\u00f3n de la Universidad de Konstanz ha encontrado una enzima bacteriana en el suelo forestal que ataca [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1833,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"brizy_media":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5976","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5976"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5976\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5977,"href":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5976\/revisions\/5977"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1833"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5976"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5976"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5976"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}