{"id":2645,"date":"2026-09-07T15:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T15:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/?p=2645"},"modified":"2026-09-07T15:00:00","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T15:00:00","slug":"rna-polymerase-liest-acht-buchstaben-dna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/de\/2026\/09\/07\/rna-polymerase-liest-acht-buchstaben-dna\/","title":{"rendered":"Acht-Buchstaben-DNA: Nat\u00fcrliches Enzym liest den erweiterten Code"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"netgu-2793071466\" class=\"netgu-before-content netgu-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6258556257245998\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6258556257245998\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"3494115342\" \ndata-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ein Team der University of California San Diego hat nachgewiesen, dass eines der wichtigsten Enzyme der Zelle eine k\u00fcnstlich erweiterte DNA aus acht statt vier Buchstaben korrekt abliest. Die Arbeit erschien am 2. September 2026 in <em>Nature Communications<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">RNA-Polymerase erkennt synthetische Basen wie nat\u00fcrliche<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Das Erbgut aller bekannten Lebewesen nutzt vier Buchstaben: A, T, G und C. Die sogenannte Hachimoji-DNA (japanisch f\u00fcr \u201eacht Buchstaben&#8221;) erg\u00e4nzt diesen Bausatz um vier synthetische Basen, die zwei zus\u00e4tzliche Paare bilden. Die Gruppe um Professor Dong Wang von der Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences untersuchte, ob die RNA-Polymerase aus dem Bakterium <em>Escherichia coli<\/em> diesen erweiterten Code verarbeiten kann. Dieses Enzym liest DNA ab und schreibt sie in RNA um \u2013 der erste Schritt jeder Genexpression.<\/p><div id=\"netgu-264059235\" class=\"netgu-content netgu-entity-placement\"><aside class=\"deals-top deals-top--compact\">\n\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"deals-top__title\">Top-Deals<\/h3>\n\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"deals-top__list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"deals-top__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"deals-top__link\" href=\"https:\/\/netguide.io\/deals\/de\/deals\/ml2u-226-watch-face-fuer-wearos-im-google-play-store\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img class=\"deals-top__image\" src=\"https:\/\/netguide.io\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2026\/10\/deal-3-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"52\" height=\"52\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__name\">ML2U 226 Watch Face f\u00fcr WearOS im Google Play Store<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"deals-top__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span 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Das Ergebnis: Die Polymerase erkennt die synthetischen Basen \u00fcber dieselben chemischen und strukturellen Signale wie die nat\u00fcrlichen und transkribiert sie pr\u00e4zise. Damit liegt erstmals ein struktureller Beleg vor, dass Zellen synthetische Erbinformation mit ihrer eigenen Maschinerie verarbeiten k\u00f6nnen.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Anwendungen sieht das Team etwa in ma\u00dfgeschneiderten Biosystemen, neuen Diagnostika und Therapeutika. Noch handelt es sich um Grundlagenforschung im Labor; ein praktischer Einsatz erweiterter Genetik liegt in weiter Ferne. Eine erg\u00e4nzende Studie derselben Gruppe zu hydrophoben Basenpaaren erschien im August 2026 in <em>PNAS<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quellen: <a href=\"https:\/\/today.ucsd.edu\/story\/breakthrough-helps-expand-genetic-alphabet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC San Diego<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/ncomms\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nature Communications<\/a><\/p><div id=\"netgu-1759129564\" class=\"netgu-after-content netgu-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6258556257245998\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6258556257245998\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"4559785002\" \ndata-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Forschende der UC San Diego zeigen, dass die RNA-Polymerase aus E. coli eine synthetische Acht-Buchstaben-DNA genauso pr\u00e4zise abliest wie den nat\u00fcrlichen Vier-Buchstaben-Code des Lebens.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2222,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_affilinode_tracking":"","_affilinode_autolink_off":false,"_affilinode_rating":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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